Hi Samuel, does Endowus investments require some form of currency conversion? Understand other robos may have currency conversion requirements which may or may not impact total returns?

Hi Nigel, no for the investment into the fund vehicles there are no currency conversions unlike with other Robos who convert the currency with a spread added often into US listed ETFs. We have made it as efficient as possible with regards to FX. We also work with only the largest global and local fund managers who have scale to implement a very low cost FX stategy and also FX hedging costs which are very minimal and significantly lower than possible as an individual or as a small robo player. We use SGD-hedged investment vehicles for all our fixed income portfolios which is the most efficient way to do it.​​​