Why some companies request staff to tender resignation instead of serving them notice, is there a difference in Singapore context.

Protect their asses.

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Win-win situation. If company terminate a staff, they need to keep proper evidence for the reason, i.e. several warning letters issued or other supporting documents. The resume on staff will not look good if it's a termination too. So save troubles for both of them.

By giving employees the option to resign instead of getting retreched/fired, it is a win-win situation for both parties. The employer will not have to provide a compensation package, while the employee will not have a 'black mark' on their resume. According to the Ministry of Manpower, the prevailing norm is to pay a retrenchment benefit of between 2 weeks to 1 month salary per year of service, depending on the company’s financial position and the industry.
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Regardless, losing your job isn’t the end of the world, so it is important that you stay calm and positive as you navigate the temporary difficulties. This article provides a guide on how to manage your finances if you were to lose your job.

Few reasons I can take of:

1) save money - company in financial difficulties cannot afford to pay notice period

2) dun wan staff to look bad (retrench and sack sounds negative)

3) the staff is underperforming - term as counselled out.